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This is an accretion disc, a group of matter that collects around the black hole. The matter gets brighter as it approaches the center (that black dot is really the black hole) because the matter gets hotter. The gravity pulls the matter in at a faster and faster rate, just like a whirlpool. Some of the matter is shot up in lines on the North and South poles of the black hole, as shown to the left. The matter there is moving so fast that it burns white hot, only to be slingshot up away from the black hole or into the black hole past the event horizon.
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